The Secret of The Blood Falls of Antarctica

From a crack in the Taylor Glacier in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica flows a curious blood-red colored water. When it was first discovered by geologist Griffith Taylor in 1911, the color was thought to have come from an algae. The source of the red color was later discovered to be an iron-rich underground saltwater lake that was trapped by the encroaching glacier at least 1.5 million years ago. The temperature of the water is -5 Celsius, but it's so salty that it doesn't freeze.

But the Blood Falls houses another secret, which scientists from Harvard University have started to uncover - it's home to an entire ecosystem of bacteria, trapped for millennia in conditions that are extremely inhospitable to life.

Roughly two million years ago, the Taylor Glacier sealed beneath it a small body of water which contained an ancient community of microbes. Trapped below a thick layer of ice, they have remained there ever since, isolated inside a natural time capsule. With no light or free oxygen and little heat, the microbes had no chance of getting energy through photosynthesis. Instead, the microbes started to live off the minerals that were trapped in the lake with them, evolving independently of the rest of the living world.

The existence of the Blood Falls ecosystem shows that life can exist in the most extreme conditions on Earth.

The fascinating secrets that remain locked inside the inaccessible sub-glacier lake will help scientist understand the range of conditions to which life can adapt and to advance assessment of the possibility of life elsewhere in the solar system, in places such as Mars or Europa, an ice-covered moon of Jupiter. Indeed, scientists of the NASA Astrobiology Institute speculate that these worlds could contain subglacial liquid water environments favorable to hosting elementary forms of life, which would be better protected at depth from ultraviolet and cosmic radiation than on the surface.

Source: http://www.amusingplanet.com/2010/11/secret-of-blood-falls-of-antarctica.html

Gerund and To Infinitive

Gerund
1. He likes listening to music.
2. They quit trying to solve the problem.
3. I hate cleaning the bathroom.
4. We enjoyed visiting Kuta Beach.
5. My father postponed going to Medan.
6. I avoid driving a car in the night.
7. I miss playing with my friends.
8. They always avoid answering my questions.
9. He admitted cheating on the exam.
10. They prefer playing football to studying.

To Infinitive
1. He swore to tell the truth.
2. She learned to play the guitar.
3. The teacher wants to tell you something.
4. The man offered to help us.
5.  He forgot to bring the money.
6. They are planning to have a birthday party.
7. I was delighted to meet my old friend.
8. She asked me to buy some food.
9. My friend decided to go abroad next year.
10. A good leader is able to control his people.

Holiday

     Like the other students, I got a holiday for two weeks after had studied for six months at school. I was very happy because I don't have to carry out assignments and exams for a while. However, this holiday was a little annoying because I had to make monochromatic and polychromatic drawings. But I decided to do the tasks on the second week. Meanwhile, I used the first week to relax and gather with my family.

     On this holiday, I couldn't go too far from Bandung because my father still had to work at the hospital and he just got a holiday on the weekends and the first of January. So, I spent much of the holiday by watching movie and eating with my family. My father took me to watch some movies, such as The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug, Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijk, Hours, and 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa. I was a little sleepy while watching The Hobbit movie, so I didn't really understand the story in that movie. The next movie was Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijk. The story of Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijk was quite interesting, it told the story of the love between Zainuddin and Hayati. My father even took me to watch this movie again, so I watched the movie twice in a week. Different from the previous movie, 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa movie was a little boring because it just told about the beauty of Europe. This movie was not focussed oh the story. And the last was Hours movie. The movie told the story of a father's love for his wife and his daughter. The main character in this movie was Paul Walker who had just died in an accident.

     On Friday in the first week, I went to Karawang with my father and my sisters . My father worked at the hospital until 10 p.m. and I stayed in our home which located in Grand Taruma Residential. We stayed there for one night.The next day, we went to Cikarang. The distance was close enough from Karawang. Then, we went to Lippo Cikarang Waterboom. When we got there, my sisters took me to swim and play with them. There are some kinds of pools, such as Pita Gurita, Pita Debar-Debar, Arus Berontak, Kolam Ceria, Pool Bar, Kiddie Area, and so on. There was also an outbound area. I chose to play in Arus Berontak, Kolam Ceria, and Pool Bar. Despite my fear of heights, I decided to try Pita Debar-Debar. After finished playing with my sisters, we ate in a restaurant and then back to Bandung.

     On the second week, I started to buy the materials that I needed to do the tasks. After I bought them, I started to mix the color, then I paint the sticker, and I stick them into a drawing, like a picture. But the tasks had not finished until the holiday was over.

     That's all about my holiday. Now I have to prepare to get the tasks and exams back.

Chairman of Student Council

     First of all, I will introduce myself to all of you. My name is Nafsia from Science 3. I'm one of the candidates who want to lead this school as a chairman of the student council. 

     As we know, leader is someone who leads other. But what makes someone a leader? Here's what you need to know about a leader. A good leader should be a motivator and an inititor, he/she is the one who has new ideas, programs, events, etc. A good leader realizes that she/he can't finish everything by his/herself, he/she will kow the ability of people around him/her, so he/she will give it to the experts. A good leader will treat others with respects. A good leader will understand the needs of others, so he/she will ask many questions, consider the opinions, and lead in the right direction.

     If I am elected to lead this school, I will make new programs for this school. In academic, I will make some study groups with the assistance of the alumni to facilitate student learning process. In extracurricular, I will focus on the extracurriculars which begin to disappear in order to get their existence back. In religion, I will focus on asking each class to read Quran (according to each religion) first before learning.

     And for my achievment, alhamdulillah I have always been top three from elementary school until now. In elementary school and junior high school, I became the first in National Examination in my class.

    That's all from me, I hope you can choose the best for you and for our school.

If

1. If I have one million dollars, I will go around the world.
    If I had one million dollars, I would go around the world.
    If I had had one million dollars, I would have gone around the world.

2. If I have a new computer, I will borrrow you.
    If I had a new computer, I would borrrow you.
    If I had had a new computer, I would have borrrowed you.

3. If you work hard, you will pass the exam.
    If you worked hard, you would pass the exam.
    If you had worked hard, you would have passed the exam.

4. If I have much time, I will go to your party.
    If I had much time, I would go to your party.
    If I had had much time, I would have gone to your party.

5. If she has more money, she will buy a new dress.
    If she had more money, she would buy a new dress.
    If she ha had more money, she would have bought a new dress.

6. If they get their passports, they will go abroad.
    If they got their passports, they would go abroad.
    If they had got their passports, they would have gone abroad.

7. If I have one million dollars, I will give it to the orphans.
    If I had one million dollars, I would give it to the orphans.
    If I had had one million dollars, I would have given it to the orphans.

8. If I get cumlaude, I will get scholarship.
    If I got cumlaude, I would get scholarship.
    If I had got cumlaude, I would have got scholarship.

9. If I finish this homework, I will go shopping.
    If I finished this homework, I would go shopping.
    If I had finished this homework, I would have gone shopping.

10. If I have one million dollars, I will make a big restaurant.
      If I had one million dollars, I would make a big restaurant.
      If I had had one million dollars, I would have made a big restaurant.

11. I will be happy if I can get the best score.
      I would be happy if I could get the best score.
      I would have been happy if I could have got the best score.

12. He will get a punishment if he come late.
      He would get a punishment if he came late.
      He would have got a punishment if he had come late.

13. I will be late for school if I wake up at 7 am.
      I would be late for school if I woke up at 7 am.
      I would have been late for school if I had waken up at 7 am.

14. I will ask you if I need help.
      I would ask you if I needed help.
      I would have asked you if I had needed help.

15. I will be happy if I have many friends.
      I would be happy if I had many friends.
      I would have been happy if I had had many friends.

16. She will come to my party if I invite her.
      She would come to my party if I invited her.
      She would have come to my party if I had invited her.

17. He will lose weight if he eat fewer sweets.
      He would lose weight if he ate fewer sweets.
      He would have lost weight if he had eaten fewer sweets.

18. I will go picnic if I have time.
      I would go picnic if I had time.
      I would have gone picnic if I had had time.

19. I will be happy if I can finish my homework.
      I would be happy if I could finish my homework.
      I would have been happy if I could have finished my homework.

20. I will buy that bike if I have enough money.
      I would buy that bike if I had enough money.
      I would have bought that bike if I had had enough money.